ABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivou-se conhecer a prevalência e os fatores associados à fragilidade em idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado com1750 idosos no Sudeste do Brasil. Utilizou-se para coleta o Brazilian Older Americans Resources and Services MultiDimensional Function Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ) e o Índice de Vulnerabilidade Clínico-funcional (IVCF-20). Realizaram-se as análises descritivas e bivariadas, seguidas da análise regressão de Poisson, com variância robusta, para obtenção de razões de prevalência ajustadas. O IVCF-20 identificou 357 idosos frágeis (20,1%). As variáveis estatisticamente associadas à fragilidade após análise múltipla foram: estado civil (RP = 1,05; IC95% = 1,02-1,07), escolaridade (RP = 1,05; IC95% = 1,03-1,08), polipatologia (RP = 1,05; IC95% = 1,01-1,09), polifarmácia (RP = 1,21; IC95% = 1,17-1,26), transtorno mental (RP = 1,16; IC95% = 1,12-1,21), comprometimento cognitivo (RP = 1,71; IC95% = 1,57-1,86), comprometimento de atividades de vida diária (RP = 1,12; IC95% = 1,09-1,14), quedas (RP = 1,06; IC95% = 1,03-1,10), internação (RP = 1,39; IC95% = 1,27-1,52) e incontinência urinária, autopercepção da saúde. Concluiu-se que a significante prevalência de fragilidade do estudo reitera a necessidade de abordagem multidimensional do idoso.
Abstract The scope of this study was to assess the prevalence and factors associated with frailty among the elderly in Primary Health Care. It is a cross-sectional study carried out with 1750 elderly people in the Southeast of Brazil. The Brazilian Older American Resources and Services Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ) and the Clinical-Functional Vulnerability Index (CFVI) were used for data collection. Descriptive and bivariate analyzes were performed, followed by Poisson regression analysis, with robust variance, to obtain adjusted prevalence ratios (PR). The CFVI identified 357 frail elderly people (20.1%). The variables that remained statistically associated with frailty after multiple analysis were: single/widowed (PR = 1.05; 95%CI = 1.02-1.07); four years of schooling (PR = 1.05; 95%CI = 1.03-1.08); polypathology (PR = 1.05; 95%CI = 1.01-1.09); polypharmacy (PR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.17-1.26); mental disorder (PR = 1.16; 95%CI = 1.12-1.21); cognitive impairment (PR = 1.71; 95%CI = 1.57-1.86); Daily Living Activity impairment (PR = 1.12; 95%CI = 1.09-1.14); falls (PR = 1.06; 95%CI = 1.03-1.10); hospitalization (PR = 1.39; 95%CI = 1.27-1.52); urinary incontinence and self-perception of health. The conclusion that a significant prevalence of frailty in the study reaffirms the need for a multidimensional approach to the elderly.